16. Iskhak Abdulovich Akhmerov was a Soviet spy of Tatar ethnicity who joined the Bolshevik Party in 1919. Akhmerov attended the Communist University of Toilers and the First State University. He graduated from the School of International Relations in 1930. Akhmerov joined the KGB in 1930 and participated in the suppression of anti-Soviet movements in the USSR's Bukhara Republic between 1930 and 1931. Akhmerov spoke Turkish, English and French. His wife, a U.S. citizen who worked for Soviet intelligence, was Helen Lowre. Helen was the niece of the General Secretary Earl Browder. In 1932 Akhmerov transferred to the foreign intelligence of the KGB and served as a covert intelligence officer under diplomatic cover in Turkey. In 1935 he entered the United States with false identity papers and served until 1939. Akhmerov returned in 1942 and served as covert agent in the United States during World War II and operated under cover as a tailor. Akhmerov is known to have used the cover names William Grienke, Michael Green, Michael Adamec, and several others while in the United States.